Showing posts with label metric system. Show all posts
Showing posts with label metric system. Show all posts

Monday, December 1, 2008

“ARE WE HAVING A DISCUSSION?” by Judge Jim Gray

 “ARE WE HAVING A DISCUSSION?” by Judge Jim Gray 01/27/08


  I am not a fan of politics. Often politicians engage in appeals to our fears and other emotions and our more base instincts. But I am a fan of addressing the issues of our day. So on two occasions in the last eleven years I took an unpaid leave of absence from my duties as a trial judge and ran for partisan offices. The first time was as a Republican running for Congress against Bob Dornan and Loretta Sanchez, and the second was as a Libertarian running for U.S. Senate against Bill Jones and Barbara Boxer. The first time I ran to win; the second I was so concerned about the direction our country was headed, I ran just to be a part of the discussion about the issues.  


In neither election was I successful in my goals. So now I tell my friends that “I am not a politician, and I have the votes to prove it.”


  Among other things, I learned from my experiences that most people do not really involve themselves in the election process. I also learned that money is much too important in that process, and, of course, most of the money is provided by special interests. And they want something in return for their “investment.” I also learned that in politics, reality is completely irrelevant – it is only the voters’ perception of reality that matters.  


  But I still continue to have a desire to discuss issues. So I approached the editors of this newspaper and volunteered to write a weekly column for a year to discuss different problems, and propose resolutions to them. They agreed, and now we are half-way through the year – this is the 26th edition of our weekly column.  


  So how are we doing? The response and feedback to the columns have been okay, but not overwhelming. I certainly do not have all of the answers, but I have thought quite a bit about these various subjects, and want to stimulate others to think about them as well. Because when it comes down to it, simply voting is not a victory. What we need is people who are voting after familiarizing themselves with the issues. So are we having a discussion?  


The two columns that generated the most responses were my recommendation that we convert to the Metric System, and that the 11-99 Foundation that supports dependents for fallen CHP officers eliminate the practice of providing license plate frames and wallet identification cards to its donors, with the implication that the donors will be given favorable treatment from the CHP on traffic citations.


Concerning the Metric System, most people were in favor, except one person who saw it as a conspiracy to take away our individuality. Representative comments were that “Are Americans too ignorant or lazy to embrace new ideas? I say let’s get on with it,” and “The success of the US is often to be found in its willingness to upgrade existing conditions.” One person even recommended we go “hard metric” right away, that is not to have a transition period, because it would be less expensive. One even (humorously?) recommended we also utilize a ten-hour clock. But I was also gently chastised by one reader who said that the “term ‘centigrade’ has been obsolete for almost 60 years. The official term is ‘Celsius.’” (That means that I have been in error about this since I was three years old.)


The 11-99 Foundation column received some of the expected responses, such as “Shame on this judge for writing such an editorial without a shred of evidence proving any kind of favoritism,” and telling me to “get your facts straight before insulting all CHP officers.” There were others from current or retired CHP officers who wrote in support, such as one that said “I wrote tickets to several drivers racing one time together with their Lambo’s with 11-99 license plate frames and badges, and the corrupt leadership at my office had all of them voided.”  


One of those officers was unintentionally supportive when he said “The 11-99 Foundation frowns upon its donors from seeking favoritism. I have seen them revoke membership from individuals who recklessly use this charities’ good intentions just to avoid a citation. Does it ever happen? Sure. Is it a guaranty? No.” Another officer provided the sobering comment that “I have stopped a number of judges and every single one made it a point to tell me they were a judge.” (I am forwarding that comment on to the California Judges Association for its information and possible action.)


There was even a local police officer that discussed the law of unintended consequences when he said that he and some of his fellow officers did not particularly like the CHP, so sometimes they tended to give more citations to cars that had the 11-99 Foundation license plate frames.  


This last comment from a current CHP officer closely matches my own experience: “On almost all of my traffic stops I was looking for a reason to not give a citation. It’s amazing how often people made this difficult. (But) I do think the license plate frames are a little much and should be discontinued.”


Finally, I sent a personal letter to Commissioner Mike Brown of the CHP, along with a copy of my original column and requested his thoughts. So far there has been no response of any kind, which, unfortunately, says more than he would probably want. But I will give him another chance to defend the practice by sending him a copy of today’s column.


The column about Restorative Justice received comments that can be divided into two categories. The first is from people who see that prisons do not rehabilitate anybody, but some rehabilitative programs actually do work. Some of those people provided first-hand experience. So they agreed with the quote in my column that “We should reserve prison space for people we are afraid of, and not for people we are mad at.” The second group was deeply concerned about having drug rehabilitation facilities in their own neighborhoods. (This is a genuine issue that, in my view, requires a balance. People who have drug problems but are trying to return to mainstream life need to live in mainstream environments. On the other hand, too much can be too much.)


The column about trying to revitalize tourism in the United States similarly drew two types of comments. One group was concise and said things like “It’s the Threat, Stupid!” The other group called the threat of terrorism “baloney,” and told me not to pull my punches. (I never said and I do not feel that the threat from terrorists is not significant. I simply would respond to that threat differently than our government is.) 


Concerning my critique upon the failure of our welfare system and our minimum wage laws, many people said that my “logic was severely flawed,” and that “Everyone should have the right and opportunity to earn a living wage. In reality, such laws are a major positive force in every Western society.” (Not surprisingly because it is such an emotional issue, none of the critics of my suggestions even addressed the fact that every time we raise the minimum wage, lots of people lose their jobs. And that is probably true in every Western society. Nor did they address my conclusion that these programs actually contribute to the increase of poverty, instead of its reduction.) But everyone appreciated my attack on the welfare system for the wealthy.  


The most notable comment about the Happy New Year column about prosperity and choice, which centered upon the federal government relinquishing much of its accumulated power back to local governments and individuals, was “We do have federalism in this country. Local governments do what the feds don’t control.” (That’s the point, it should be the other way around!)


After discussing the increasing problem of childhood obesity, one man suggested we follow the lead of Brazil by planting public areas with fruit and nut trees, which, he said, would provide “a delicious way to fight obesity.” And the column about resolving our nation’s healthcare problem by encouraging Medical Savings Accounts drew the discouraging but accurate comment from a medical doctor that “We are often forced to opt for a less optimal treatment in favor of the insurer’s profit margin.”  


The column about illegal immigration drew numbers of responses like: “Take off your rose-colored glasses. People come here and learn quickly how to get free services and food stamps,” (I agree, but they mostly do come here originally to work.) and “No amnesty. Legal immigrants first!” (I only mentioned that we would discuss amnesty after we installed a system that utilized fool-proof identification cards, which drew this comment:) “You’re not naïve enough to actually believe that a ‘tamper-proof’ ID card is possible, are you?” (Yes, I think it can be done based upon the iris in a person’s eye.)  


In response to the column that government impedes business, one man responded that he agreed that beauticians and barbers should not be required to get a license, but went on to ask “why should lawyers be protected with licenses from the competition of others who want to lawyer?” (I agree, and there is actually a movement in that direction.) The column about citizens’ rights and responsibilities, and the lack of support for our Veterans generated no comments to speak of. That was discouraging.


One response I am sure many of you agreed with was “Shorter please! Be honest, how many of you actually read the judge’s comments?” I acknowledge many of the columns were longer than I originally intended (including this one), but it is difficult to address and give suggestions about how to resolve complex and multifaceted problems in only 800 words. So I appreciate your sticking with me!


In the weeks of the scheduled year that remain, this column will address issues about how we can improve our public schools through competition; that the biggest threat to our national security is our dependence upon foreign oil, and what we can and must do about it; a suggestion to scrap the Internal Revenue Service and instigate either a national sales tax or what is called the FAIR tax; how we should address mental illness; the critical importance of the Separation of Church and State; why we should revitalize the Hemp industry; and numbers of others.  


Throughout this time, I again ask everyone to remember that none of these issues has a “solution.” Life cannot be made to be perfect, and neither are any of my proposals – or anybody else’s. The problems only have “resolutions,” which attempt to do what is best for the maximum number of people, while still protecting minority interests.


The fact remains that this is OUR government. That means that the things that are not going well today are our responsibility. And what we need is leadership. In my view, we still have the Jeffersons, Washingtons, Lincolns and Martin Luther Kings living in our society today. But we must find them and support them.  


Unfortunately, people can be manipulated and misled. I know that is not a popular thing to say, but it is true. That means that we must rely upon our democratic institutions, and upon dedicated and public-spirited leaders, who need our active support and guidance.


So please contemplate these and the other issues of our day, and join our discussion. This can be done either publicly at DailyPilot.com, or privately with me at the e-mail address given below. I will respond to all e-mail messages. Good government begins with our active involvement.


James P. Gray is a Judge of the Superior Court in California, the author of Why Our Drug Laws Have Failed and What We Can Do About It - A Judicial Indictment of the War on Drugs (Temple University Press, 2001) and Wearing The Robe - The Art And Responsibilities of Judging In Today's Courts, has a blog at http://judgejamesgray.blogspot.com/. http://www.judgejimgray.com, and can be contacted at www.judgejimgray.com.

“IT’S TIME TO GO METRIC” by Judge Jim Gray

“IT’S TIME TO GO METRIC” by Judge Jim Gray 11/27/07

Bob Dylan was quoted as saying that “one is either busy being born or busy dying.” In my view, that is as true for societies as it is for individual people. So are we as a country still willing to improve ourselves and accept challenges for change? Are we still busy being born? If we are, we should join the rest of the world and convert to the Metric System of measurement.


  There probably is no need to discuss the irrationality of our present Imperial System of weights, measures, distances and temperatures. No one can argue that there is any logic in having twelve inches in a foot, but three feet in a yard or 5,280 feet in a mile. The same is true with regard to the lack of a logical relationship among ounces, pounds and tons. Furthermore, what is the logic in the Fahrenheit system in defining water as freezing at 32 degrees and boiling at 212 degrees? And how in today’s world can we continue to use a system that awkwardly measures volumes in fluid ounces, cups, pints, quarts, gallons and barrels? (By the way, exactly how large is a hectare or even an acre of land, or a peck or a bushel of grain?)  


  On the other hand, there is a natural beauty and logic to the Metric system. Does not the metric system in which water freezes at zero degrees Celsius and boils at 100 make much more sense? As a result of this sensibility, the sciences of chemistry, physics and medicine in our country long ago shifted to the metric system. And we have already joined the rest of the world’s athletic communities by using the metric system in our track and field events.  


When countries like Canada converted to the metric system in the 1970s, they used slogans like “Metric: 10 times better.” They were right. As a result, the phrase “Speak in English, Measure in Metric” controls the business and scientific life in most of the rest of the world. Conversely, the only countries in the world in addition to us that are holding on to the Imperial System are Liberia in West Africa, and Myanmar Republic, formerly known as Burma. So we are not exactly in vibrant company.  


The Metric System was designed during the French Revolution of the 1790s to bring order out of the numbers of conflicting and confusing systems of weights and measures that were then being used in different regions within their country. Soon this system spread to other countries of Europe because merchants, scientists and other educated people realized the need for a uniform system among all of the nations.  


The basis of this new system came from the Earth itself. The meter was established as one ten-millionth of the distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Then the other units of measurement were integrated with the meter. For example, the liter was measured as the volume of one cubic decimeter, the kilogram was measured as the weight of one liter of pure water, and one calorie was defined as the amount of energy needed to heat one cubic centimeter of water one degree Celsius. Pretty neat.


Of course, like in virtually all circumstances in which people are requested to change away from what they have grown up with, there was an initial resistance by the general population to this change, especially among the elderly. As a result the metric system was not made compulsory in France until 1837. In fact, the first countries formally to adopt the system were Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg, and that was in 1820.


But due to the expansion of the global economy and the increasingly important study of sciences, most of continental Europe, Latin America and many other countries around the world adopted the metric system by the year 1900. Most of the last countries to adapt to the change were in the British Commonwealth, where the Imperial System originated. But by the 1970s they began to make the change as well. Now even Great Britain itself has abandoned the metric system, with the one exception of still using yards and miles for road traffic purposes.


All of the countries that converted to this more rational system did so by phasing it in over a few years. We should do so as well. My wife lived in Canada during that country’s change and she tells me that within two years most people were comfortable with the new system, even including her parents.  


I recommend that we begin the transition by teaching the metric system in all of our K through 12 schools right away. Then we can adopt some dates by which all government measurements will be issued in the metric system, including traffic signs and packaged foods and liquids. The phasing in process should begin by changing from “soft metric” to “hard metric,” so that “1 pint (473 ml)” will soon become “500 ml (1.057 pint),” with the latter slowly being reduced to smaller type size and eventually disappearing all together.  


Maintaining our cumbersome Imperial System of measurements has numbers of costs in addition to our being out of step with most of the rest of the world. One of the most specific instances of those costs occurred about 15 years ago when one of our space probes malfunctioned and was lost because, as was later determined, one of the engineers on the project failed to change a calculation from inches into centimeters. But in general, since all of our trading partners use the metric system, making this change cannot fail to increase our success in world trade, and economic strength and political strength go hand in hand.


So as we have seen, from virtually every aspect the metric system makes sense, and we should embrace the challenge and begin to phase it into our daily lives, and thereby allow us to join the other countries in the world in this important area. And besides, when it comes down to it, gas will seem cheaper at 75 cents per liter, and in addition, since half a liter is more than a pint, everybody will get more beer!

James P. Gray is a Judge of the Superior Court in California, the author of Why Our Drug Laws Have Failed and What We Can Do About It - A Judicial Indictment of the War on Drugs (Temple University Press, 2001) and Wearing The Robe - The Art And Responsibilities of Judging In Today's Courts, has a blog at http://judgejamesgray.blogspot.com/. http://www.judgejimgray.com, and can be contacted at www.judgejimgray.com.